Window



R. J. TURK Dec. 12, 1961 WINDOW Filed Dec. 22, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR.

RAYMOND J. TURK BY WK 01AM ATTORNEYS U 4HH q l O .41 i fii t a 1 FIG. I

United States Eat-eat 5 3,912,605 WINDOW Raymond J. Turk, 27186 MallardAva, Euclid 32, Ohio Filed Dec. 22, 1958, her. No. 782,141 7 Claims.(Cl. 160-91) This invention pertains to windows and more particularly todouble pane windows.

It is the object of this invention to provide a novel and improvedwindow assembly in a completely integrated unit which at the option ofthe user creates an insulating space of dead air mitigating thetransmission of both cold and heat through the glazed areas of thewindow by radiation and/ or conduction.

Accordingly, one of the principal objects of the invention is to providea novel and improved double paned insulating window unit which is simpleand inexpensive, and which requires no special and delicatemanufacturing and assembly techniques.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improveddouble pane window assembly in which an inner sash and an outer sash arepivotally carried by a window frame to permit opening of the window forventilation.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel and improveddouble pane window assembly made in accordance with the foregoingobjects of the invention which will capitalize upon updrafts along thesides of the building to provide forced ventilation to a room. Toachieve this object the inner and outer windows are each pivotallyhinged to permit each such pivotal sash to be pivoted into the jambspace between the inner and outer sashes to open the window.

A related object of the invention is to provide a novel and improvedconnection bar which connects the openable inner and outer window sashesso that movement of one of the openable windows to a selected positionwill cause simultaneous and corresponding movement of the other window.

A related and more specialized object of the invention is to providesuch connection bar in the form of a pivot bar pivotally carried by theframe and slidably connected to the movable sashes so that movement ofone sash causes corresponding movement of the other.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a novel andimproved double pane window assembly made in accordance with theforegoing features in which a filter screen is disposed transverselyacross the space between the inner and outer windows at the centermullion to filter pollen, dirt, and other air impurities out of airentering through the window when open.

A related object of the invention is to provide a novel and improveddouble pane window having such a filter screen wherein the filter screenis positioned substantially horizontally so that it does not in any wayobstruct the visibility through the window.

Another and related object of the invention is to provide a novel andimproved double pane window assembly which has inner and outer spacedwindow sashes carried by a frame, which sashes are removably carried inthe frame to permit facile cleaning of the windows from the interior ofthe building.

. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improveddouble pane window assembly made in accordance with the foregoingobjects which may be inserted as a unit in either a new building or as areplacement window in an older building being remodeled orreconditioned.

Another related object of the invention is to provide a novel andimproved double pane window assembly in a completely integrated unit,having inside and outside 3,IZ,505 Patented Dec. 12, 1961 sash-carryingframes of metal construction which are joined by means of head, sill andjamb panels of variable and optional depth to fit any desired dimension.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a metal frameddouble pane window in which the head, sill and jamb panels can be madeof a wide variety of materials and colors to provide panels which blendwith and enhance the decoration of the structure.

Another object of the invention is to arrange the sashes of a completelyintegrated window unit by new and novel design in such a manner thatwhen the window is in an open position it will facilitate the inflow ofoutside air into the structure but at the same time afford protectionagainst the entry of rain and snow.

Another object of the invention is to arrange the sashes of a completelyintegrated window unit by new and novel design in such a manner thateven in an open position security is provided against mischevious orunlawful entry or exit, and which resists ingress or egress by humans oranimals, and which also resists the transmission of objects through thewindow.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel and improveddouble pane window made in accordance with all of the foregoingobjectives which can be fabricated quickly and easily to any dimensiondesired from one group of parts which are suitable for most all sizes.

device on an enlarged scale with respect to FIGURE 1 as seen from avertical plane of cross-section; and,

FIGURE 3 is a sectional view as seen from the plane indicated by theline 3-3 of FIGURE 2.

Referring to the drawings, a frame member is shown generally at ill. Aframe 10 includes a central plate or jamb member 11, which extendsaround the window to form substantially the visible peripheral limit ofan installed window. The frame 10 also includes inner and outerhorizontal anchor members 12, 13, which may be imbedded in the buildingmasonry, or the like, to fix the frame in position. Inner and outervertical tie members 14, 15 are connected to the horizontal anchors. Thevertical tie members carry vertical jamb connecting strips 17, 1'8 whichin turn support vertical segments 19,-

of the jamb member 11, FIGURE 3.

Inner and outer horizontal insulating and connecting strips 20, 21 areprovided in the embodiment shown. The horizontal connecting strips forman insulating tie between the anchor members 12, 13 and horizontalsections 22 of the jamb member 11. The connecting strips l7, l8 and 2t),21 provide one of the advantages of the invention. The connecting stripsare formedrof an insulating material such as plastic. This constructionperrnits the frame members to be made of metal'such as aluminum withoutconvection of heat to or from the interior of the building which isnormally a disadvantage of metal casement windows. Thus, the strips 17,18,

. 2th, 21 permit the formation of a metal window frame are carried inouter sash receiving portion of the frame 1%. Upper and lower innerwindow sashes frames 26, 27 are carried in an inner sash receivingportion of the frame. In the disclosed arrangement, the outer upper sashframe 24 is fixed in position as by screws 28 which connect the uppersash frame 24 to the outer vertical tie members 14. The lower inner sashframe 21 is fixed in a similar fashion to the frame as by screws 29which removably fix it to the inner vertical ties 14.

The outer sash frames 24, removably carry framed window panes 36, 31respectively. The outer window panes 30, 31 are carried in suitable paneframes 32, 33 which are preferably aluminum. The outer window panes 30,31 are disposed in a common vertical plane. The inner sash frames 26, 27have panes of glass 35, 36 respectively. The glass panes 35, 36 are,like the panes 30, 31, carried in pane frames 37, 38 which arepreferably aluminum. The panes 35, 36, are also disposed in a commonvertical plane which is parallel to and spaced from the plane of thepanes 30, 31.

The window panes are all readily removable from the frames to facilitatecleaning. In the disclosed embodiment this is accomplished by providingclamps 34 to lock the pane frames 32, 33, 37, 38 to the respective sashframes. In the disclosed arrangement, the pane frames and panes areidentical to simplify construction proce dures and to simplify andfacilitate repair and washing. It will be seen that repair and washingcan be accomplished from the interior of the building without care andregard as to which pane goes in what location.

A pair of upper sash support brackets 41 are fixed to an upper part ofthe frame of the inner upper sash frame 26. The sash brackets 41 areapertured to receive removable pivot pins 43. The sash frame 26 ismovable outwardly to an open position, shown in phantom in FIG- URE 1,by pivoting about the pins 43. Opening and closing movement of the sash26 is facilitated by a handle 44 which is fixed to the frame of thesash.

A pair of outer support brackets 46, which are preferably identical tothe support brackets 41, are fixed to a lower part of the lower outersash frame 25. The brackets 46 are apertured to receive removable pivotpin 48, only one of which is shown. The removable pivot pins 48 areidentical to the removable pivot pins 43. The pivot pins may be threadedinto the vertical jamb panes 19 or otherwise suitably and preferablyremovably connected.

As will be seen by examination of the drawing, the lower outer sashframe 25 is pivotal to an open position, shown in phantom in FIGURE 1,which is inward from the closed position shown in FIGURE 1. Both theinner upper sash 26 and the outer lower sash 25 are movable into acavity 49 to an open position. The cavity 49 is an air space defined bythe entire assembly. The space 49 is a dead air space when the sashesare in a closed position.

First and second pivot bars 50 are provided. The pivot bars 50 arepivotally mounted on pivot pins 51. The pivot pins 51 are carried by thevertical portions 19 of the jamb panel 11 at substantially the midpoint,both horizontally and vertically speaking. A guide groove 53 is providedin each end of the lower outer sash frame 25. A corresponding guidegroove 54 is provided in the frame of the upper inner sash frame 26.First and second bearing slide pins 56 are carried by the ends of thepivot bar 50. One of the slide pins 56 is disposed in each of the guidegrooves 53, 54. At least the portions of the guide pins 56 which aredisposed in the grooves 53, 54 are formed of a suitable bearing materialsuch as nylon.

The coaction of the pivot bar 50 and the connected window sashes provideseveral of the advantages of this invention. When the upper inner sashframe 26 is pivoted outwardly to its open position, the guide 56disposed in the groove 54 slides along the groove causing the bar 50 topivot about the pin 51. This movement of the bar 50 causes the other ofthe pins 56 to shift the lower outer sash frame 25 by coaction with thegroove 53. When the upper sash 22 is pulled in a reverse direction fromthe open position to the closed position, a reverse action occurs andthe lower outer sash simultaneously closes. Thus, with a simple push orpull movement, the inner and outer sashes are simultaneously opened orclosed, as the case may be.

When the sash frames 25, 26 are positioned in their open position, shownin phantom in FIGURE 1, another of the advantages of the invention isobtained. Forced draft ventilation is automatically provided. Anup-draft is almost always present along the sides of any commercialbuilding. One of the explanations for this up-draft is that atsubstantially all times the walls of the building will be warmer thanthe ambient air. This tends to heat the air coming in contact with thebuilding walls and cause it to rise. Wind striking the building alsotends to rise upwardly to go over the building. Since the lower outerwindow and the upper inner window both are shifted into the cavity 43when opened, a structure is provided which takes advantage of thenatural up-drafts. The upwardly moving air moves through the openedlower outer window upwardly through the cavity and out the inner upperwindow to force air into the room.

This automatic forced air ventilation does not have a disadvantage whichmay at first appear to be present. A first blush examination wouldindicate that since it is bringing warmed air into the building, itmight cause the interior of the building to be too warm in summer days.However, since the window is designed primarily for'airconditionedbuildings, it will be seen that when such forced air is too warm, thewindow will be closed to take advantage of the air-conditioning.Further, even when used in buildings which are not air conditioned, thewindow causes air movement to prevent humidity build-up. High humidityis the true cause of discomfort when temperatures are high.

New or reconditioned buildings in the north-eastern quarter of theUnited States, for example, are almost invariably air-conditioned.Windows are sealed to provide economical air conditioning operation.This airconditioning, however, is only required for about twenty days ayear. The rest of the time it is desirable to have a window which can beopened to avoid the claustrophobia effects of modern sealed buildingsand to admit fresh air. Further, a building operating economy isobtained because it is not necessary to operate the air-conditioningsystem throughout the year to maintain fresh air in the offices. Sincethe windows are sealed when closed, the present window provides theadvantages of scaled construction for economical air-conditioningoperations. This window combines the advantages of sealed windows withthe advantages of openable windows to eliminate the costly expense offorced air ventilation through air-conditioning systems when outdoortemperatures are comfortable whether it is desired to keep the interiorof the building warm or cool.

Modern commercial buildings suffer tremendous losses to both heating andair-conditioning because of single thickness large panes of glass.Further, areas adjacent windows of commercial buildings are cold inwinter and warm in summer because of convection. These disadvantageshave all been accepted in the past because of the high cost of priorknown double pane window construction and because prior known windowsdid not eliminate all of the disadvantages which have been eliminated bythis construction.

To provide a sealed window when the movable windows are closed yieldableweather strip gaskets 58 are interposed Where appropriate between thesash frames and between the sash frames and the remainder of the frames.As an example, upper edges of the lower window sash frames and the loweredges of the upper window sash frames are stepped to accommodate thegaskets 58 and compress them therebetween.

Another of the advantages of the window is provided sol-2,605

in the removable construction. Manipulation 'of the clamps 39 permitsremoval of the window pane frames 32, 33, 37, 38. Thus, all of thewindows may be cleaned from the interior of the building. No complicatedexternal mechanisms are needed to raise and lower window washers alongthe outer walls of a building and the dangers inherent in externalwindow washing are eliminated. The prior known alternate to windowwashers has been to build in automatic window washing systems utilizingmodern detergents. Such systems are expensive to in stall, operate andmaintain. The removable feature of the present window eliminates theneed for such systems. A filter screen 60 having a frame 61 is alsoprovided. The screen 60 is positioned such that it extends transverselyand essentially horizontally across the cavity 49. The filter screenframe 61 is in abutment with the vertical portions 19 of the jamb panel11, the upper outer fixed sash frame 24 and the lower inner fixed frame27. Since the screen 60 is positioned substantially horizontally and notacross the line of vision of a person looking through the window, it canbe made of an extremely fine mesh so that it is both an ordinary insectscreen and a pollen and dirt inhibiting filter, aswell. Y

The frame 6-1-has inner'and outer support members 63, 64 which rest'inan inner bracket 65 and an outer bracket 66. The brackets 65, 66 may beprovidedon the fixed sash frames 24,27 respectively. The frame -61 ispreferably-notched ateach end to receive a cylindrical central portion70 of the pivot bar 50. The notches are designated by the numeral 71.The notches 71 are shaped to snugly embrace the pivot bar center 70 atall positions of the windows to prevent the entrance of dirt or insects.

Examinations of the novel and disclosed window will reveal otheradvantages. The construction is such that the window can be open duringa rain storm without fear of water getting into building. Additionally,the construction is such that it is burglar proof. While the sashes andscreen are all removable, unless the windows are broken, a burglarcannot enter even when the windows are open. The removable pivot pins43, 48 and the clamps 39 are so positioned that they cannot be reachedfrom the exterior of the building, whether the window is open or closedand whether the screen is present or removed.

While the invention has been described with a great deal of clarity anddetail, it is believed that it comprises a double pane framed windowhaving an insulating air cavity therein and having a plurality of sashportions which are movable for cleaning. The invention is also believedto comprise a double pane window in which inner and outer movablewindows are provided which, at the option of the user, may be opened orclosed by movement of the inner movable window sash frame which causessimultaneous and corresponding movement of a connected and movable outersash frame.

Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with acertain degree of particularity, it is understood that the presentdisclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way of exampleand that numerous changes in the details of construction and thecombination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to withoutdeparting from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafterclaimed.

What is claimed is:

1. An improved window for an air conditioned building or the likecomprising, a frame having inner and outer spaced window receivingportions, inner and outer upper window sashes, inner and outer lowerwindow sashes, the inner sashes being carried in the inner frameportion, the outer sashes being carried in the outer frame portion, theframe and the sashes together defining a space for retaining a volume ofinsulating air, the outer upper sash and the inner lower sash beingsecured to said frame, the inner upper sash and the outer lower sashbeing pivotally carried by the frame, a pivot bar pivotally carried bythe frame and connected to both said inner upper sash and said outerlower sash, and filter screen means disposed transversely across saidspace and extending from one side of the frame to the other, said screenmeans extending transversely from the outer upper sash to the lowerinner sash to filter air admitted by the outer lower sash and passed tothe inner upper sash.

2. An improved window for an air conditioned building or the likecomprising, a window frame having inner and outer spaced windowreceiving portions, inner and outer upper window sashes, inner' andouter lower window sashes, the inner sashes being positioned in a commonplane and carried in the inner frame portion, the outer sashes beingpositioned in a common plane and carried in the outer frame portion, theouter upper sash and the inner lower sash being secured to said frame,the inner uper sash having an upper part pivotally connected to theframe to pivotally support the inner upper sash, the outer lower sashhaving a lower part pivotally connected to the frame to pivotallysupport the outer lower sash, a pivot bar pivotally carried by the frameand connected to both said inner upper sash and said outer lower sash,whereby movement of the inner upper window will cause movement of theouter lower window and vice versa.

3. An improved window for an air conditioned building or the likecomprising, a window frame having inner and outer spaced windowreceiving portions, inner and outerupperwindow sashes, innerand outerlower window sashes, the inner sashes being positioned in a common planeand carried in the inner frame portion, the outer sashes beingpositioned in a common plane and carried in the outer frame portion, theouter upper sash and the inner lower sash being secured to said frame,said sashes and said frame together defining an insulating cavitytherebetween, the inner upper sash having an upper part pivotallyconnected to the frame to pivotally support the inner upper sash, theouter lower sash having a lower part pivotally connected to the frame topivotally support the outer lower sash, a pivot bar pivotally carried bythe frame and pivotally connected to both said inner upper sash and saidouter lower sash, said pivotal inner upper sash and said pivotal lowerouter sash each having a closed position and an open position, each ofsaid pivotal sashes being at least partially disposed within said cavitywhen in said open position, whereby to provide a device in whichmovement of one of the pivotal sashes will cause movement of theconnected pivot bar and the other pivotal sash.

4. An improved window for an air conditioned building or the likecomprising, a frame having inner and outer spaced window receivingportions, inner and outer upper window sashes, inner and outer lowerwindow sashes, the inner sashes being carried in the inner frameportion, the outer sashes being carried in the outer frame portion, theouter upper sash and the inner lower sash being removably secured tosaid frame, the inner upper sash and the outer lower sash beingpivotally carried by the frame, a pivot bar pivotally carried by theframe and slidably connected to both said inner upper sash and saidouter lower sash, and gasket means disposed about each of said pivotedsashes to provide inner and outer fluid tight windows when the upperouter sash and the lower inner sash are fixed in position and when thelower outer sash and the upper inner sash are closed.

5. An improved window for an air conditioned building or the likecomprising, a window frame having inner and outer spaced windowreceiving portions, inner and outer upper window sashes, inner and outerlower window sashes, the inner sashes being positioned in a common planeand carried in the inner frame portion, the outer sashes beingpositioned in a common plane and carried in the outer frame portion, thesashes and said frame together defining an insulating cavitytherebetween,

the outer upper sash and the inner lower sash each being secured to saidframe, the inner upper sash and the outer lower sash each having anupper part pivotally connected to the frame to pivotally support thesash, a pivot bar pivotally carried by the frame and slidably connectedto both said inner upper sash and said outer lower sash, said pivotalinner upper sash and said pivotal lower outer sash each having a closedposition and an open position, each of said pivotal sashes beingdisposed at least partially within said cavity when in said openposition, whereby to provide a device in which movement of one of thepivotal sashes will cause movement of the connected pivot bar and theother pivotal sash, and gasket means disposed about each of said pivotedsashes to provide inner and outer fluid tight windows when the removablesashes are fixed in position and the pivotal sashes are closed, and aframed filter screen transversely disposed across the space between thewindows, said screen frame being in abutment with the sides of saidwindow frame and with said removable sash.

6. An improved window comprising, a frame having first and second spacedwindow receiving portions, first and second upper window sashes, firstand second lower window sashes, the first window sashes being carried inthe first frame portion and the second window sashes being carried inthe second frame portion said first window sashes lying in a firstplane, said second window sashes lying in a second plane spaced from thefirst to define a space therebetween, the first upper sash and thesecond lower sash being secured to the frame, the first lower sash beingpivotally carried by the frame and being pivotal from a closed positiontoward said second lower sash into the space therebetween, the secondupper sash being pivotally connected to the frame and being pivotal froma closed position toward said second upper sash into the spacetherebetween, said first lower and second upper sash being between saidplanes when in the open position, and means operably connecting thefirst lower sash and the second upper sash together such that pivotalmovement of one of the pivotal sashes will cause simultaneous pivotalmovement of the other of the pivotal sashes.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein a screen is positioned transversely ofthe frame and across the space between the window receiving portions,and wherein the screen is disposed substantially along a plane definedby the bottom of the upper window sashes and the top of the lower windowsashes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,030,096 Knox June 18, 1912 1,067,146 Schoell July 8, 1913 1,200,987Ricker Oct. 10, 1916 2,057,815 Boehm Oct. 20, 1930 2,725,935 Seidel Dec.6, 1955 2,793,404 Bugenhagen May 28, 1957

